Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - Dhekelia (2005)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z Dhekelia (2005)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)	Dhekelia (2005)

Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 130.8 sq km note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.
Capital	-	Episkopi Cantonment; located in Akrotiri
Climate	tropical	temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Coastline	74.1 km	27.5 km
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area conventional short form: Dhekelia
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department	overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches	-
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	-
Environment - current issues	NA	netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen Elizabeth II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Administrator Maj. Gen. Peter Tomas Clayton PEARSON (since 9 May 2003); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of the UK is used
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	34 59 N, 33 45 E
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus
Industries	-	none
Irrigated land	0 sq km	-
Land boundaries	0 km	total: NA; note - boundary with Cyprus is being resurveyed
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)	-
Languages	-	English, Greek
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island	on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta
Map references	Southeast Asia	Middle East
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	includes Dheklia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	-
Natural resources	fish	-
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island	no indigenous personnel note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
Terrain	low with sand and coral	-

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